{"id":4970,"date":"2025-08-16T01:43:13","date_gmt":"2025-08-15T17:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/?p=4970"},"modified":"2025-08-16T01:43:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T17:43:13","slug":"leiden-manifesto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/leiden-manifesto.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u7814\u6307\u6807\u7684\u83b1\u987f\u5ba3\u8a00(Leiden manifesto for research Metrics)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background has-medium-font-size\">Diana Hicks\u3001Paul Wouters \u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u7763\u4fc3\u7528\u5341\u9879\u539f\u5219\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u6cbb\u7406\u65e5\u76ca\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u4ee3\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea\" id=\"7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea-link\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5df2\u7531\u6570\u636e\u800c\u975e\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u65e5\u76ca\u6d41\u884c\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u975e\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u900f\u5f7b\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e3b\u6301\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u673a\u6784\u5f80\u5f80\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u7684\u900f\u5f7b\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u867d\u7136\u610f\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5374\u7ecf\u5e38\u9002\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2000 \u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08ISI\uff09\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\uff08SCI\uff09\u5df2\u4e3a\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u30022002 \u5e74\uff0c\u6c64\u68ee\u8def\u900f\u516c\u53f8\uff08Thomson Reuters\uff09\u6574\u5408\u5176\u7f51\u7edc\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176 Web of Science \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u66f4\u52a0\u666e\u53ca\u3002\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7231\u601d\u552f\u5c14\uff08Elsevier\uff09\u7684 Scopus\uff082004 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\uff09\u548cGoogle \u5b66\u672f\u641c\u7d22\uff08Google Scholar\uff0cbeta \u7248 2004 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u5982\u96e8\u540e\u6625\u7b0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b66\u672f\u673a\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u51fa\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e Web of Science \u7684 InCites\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e Scopus \u7684 SciVal\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e Google Scholar \u7684 Publish or Perish \u8f6f\u4ef6\uff082007 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2005 \u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Jorge Hirsch \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 H \u6307\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u8003\u91cf\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u3002\u81ea 1995 \u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u76db\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u65e5\u6e10\u6210\u52bf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 F1000Prime\uff082000\uff09\u3001Mendeley\uff082008\uff09\u3001\u548c Altmetric.com\uff082011\uff0c\u7531\u9ea6\u514b\u7c73\u4f26\u96c6\u56e2\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u51fa\u7248\u96c6\u56e2\u4ea6\u4e3a\u9ea6\u514b\u7c73\u4f26\u65d7\u4e0b\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u7814\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u5728\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u88ab\u6108\u53d1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u5730\u6ee5\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ec5\u4e3e\u6570\u4f8b\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u65e5\u76ca\u6267\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u5404\u5927\u9ad8\u6821\u6392\u540d\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u672f\u6392\u540d\u548c\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u5b66\u6392\u540d\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f88\u591a\u6392\u540d\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e76\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u6b66\u65ad\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u62db\u8058\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 H \u6307\u6570\u6765\u8003\u5bdf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5b66\u4f9d\u9760 H \u6307\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u664b\u5347\u4e0e\u5426\u3002\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u751f\u7269\u533b\u836f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u7b80\u5386\u4e2d\u5938\u8000\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 H \u6307\u6570\u6216\u8005\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u6559\u6388\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u548c\u7533\u8bf7\u79d1\u7814\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5317\u6b27\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5b66\u6839\u636e\u5b66\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6307\u6570\u6765\u5206\u914d\u79d1\u7814\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u9ad8\u4e8e15 \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u5956\u52b1<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"02aaf192-ba9a-49df-a634-da79d0e90219\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#02aaf192-ba9a-49df-a634-da79d0e90219\" id=\"02aaf192-ba9a-49df-a634-da79d0e90219-link\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u8bc4\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u79d1\u7814\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6ee5\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u83b1\u987f\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u6e90\u4e8e\u5728\u8377\u5170\u83b1\u987f\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08\u53c2\u89c1http:\/\/sti2014.cwts.nl\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5341\u5927\u539f\u5219\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u5b66\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u5e76\u975e\u524d\u6240\u672a\u95fb\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u4eca\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6210\u6587\u9610\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u542f\u8499\u8005\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 ISI \u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005 Eugene Garfield\uff0c\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5341\u5927\u539f\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"928465b4-702e-4866-839c-4889e5b898ad\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#928465b4-702e-4866-839c-4889e5b898ad\" id=\"928465b4-702e-4866-839c-4889e5b898ad-link\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup>][<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"5c25137a-331b-4517-96f8-c827f9f58c2a\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#5c25137a-331b-4517-96f8-c827f9f58c2a\" id=\"5c25137a-331b-4517-96f8-c827f9f58c2a-link\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u672a\u4e3a\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u6240\u77e5\u6653\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bfb\u627e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u732e\u6765\u9a73\u65a5\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u800c\u8a00\u72b9\u5982\u5927\u6d77\u635e\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u5341\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u51dd\u7ec3\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u501f\u6b64\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u95ee\u8d23\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c4\u8303\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u5927\u539f\u5219<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>3\uff1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u82f1\u6587\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u6587\u9f13\u52b1\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u7136\u800c\u671f\u520a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684 Web of Science \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u6587\u671f\u520a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8986\u76d6\u671f\u520a\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u5bf9\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5c24\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u56fd\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u504f\u91cd\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u975e\u6d32\u7684 HIV \u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u3002<br>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u671f\u520a\u6240\u9752\u7750\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728 Web of Science \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u8f83\u9ad8\u5f15\u7528\u7387\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f80\u5f80\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u8005\u5206\u6790\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u636e\u3002\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u672c\u5730\u8bfe\u9898\uff1a\u672c\u5730\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\uff0c\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u533b\u7597\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u6765\u52b3\u5de5\u7b49\u7b49<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"7b4a26d6-6cf3-4cf8-aab9-11ecc3a7d4d7\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#7b4a26d6-6cf3-4cf8-aab9-11ecc3a7d4d7\" id=\"7b4a26d6-6cf3-4cf8-aab9-11ecc3a7d4d7-link\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u672c\u5730\u8bed\u8a00\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6307\u6807\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u63a8\u52a8\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>4\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e94\u516c\u5f00\u3001\u900f\u660e\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u5e94\u8be5\u9075\u5faa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u6e05\u6670\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u5f80\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u672f\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u673a\u6784\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u900f\u660e\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u590d\u67e5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 2010 \u5e74\u8377\u5170\u83b1\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08CWTS\uff09\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6307\u6807\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5b66\u672f\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u6807\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u4fee\u6539<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"8886cc6d-753d-459b-8023-193ea37cc05b\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#8886cc6d-753d-459b-8023-193ea37cc05b\" id=\"8886cc6d-753d-459b-8023-193ea37cc05b-link\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u65b0\u8fdb\u673a\u6784\u4e5f\u5e94\u9075\u5b88\u6b64\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u6697\u7bb1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<br>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u6807\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u589e\u5f3a\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u7684\u6307\u6807\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u504f\u9887\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u539f\u5219 7\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u5e94\u7aed\u529b\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5e94\u8db3\u591f\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f2\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>5\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u68c0\u9a8c\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u67e5\u8bc1\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u51c6\u786e\u5168\u9762\u5730\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u51fa\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u5219\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6216\u8005\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5ba1\u67e5\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u3002\u7cbe\u786e\u548c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8017\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7ecf\u8d39\u53bb\u641c\u96c6\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u9884\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>6\uff1a\u8003\u8651\u53d1\u8868\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/strong>\u6700\u597d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u6307\u6807\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5404\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u8bc4\u5ba1\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u7248\u4e66\u7c4d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u88abWeb of Science \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e78\u88ab\u5212\u5728\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u5ba1\u8003\u8651\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u672c\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5219\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u6c42\u52a0\u5165\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bba\u6587\u3002<br>\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u6709\u5dee\u522b\uff1a\u6570\u5b66\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u5927\u6982\u662f 3\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5374\u9ad8\u8fbe 30\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u6807\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b66\u79d1\u6765\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u5206\u5e03\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 1%\uff0c10%\uff0c\u6216\u8005 20%\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u6781\u5176\u9ad8\u88ab\u5f15\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5c06\u7565\u5fae\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6392\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u5747\u503c\u65f6\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6392\u540d\u4ece\u4e2d\u7b49\u62d4\u5230\u9876\u7ea7<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"5d8afa98-0ebb-4bea-89cf-e3cc2e8222f8\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#5d8afa98-0ebb-4bea-89cf-e3cc2e8222f8\" id=\"5d8afa98-0ebb-4bea-89cf-e3cc2e8222f8-link\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>7\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u8005\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e94\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5176\u6574\u4e2a\u4f5c\u54c1\u8f91\u7684\u8d28\u5316\u7684\u8bc4\u5224\u3002<\/strong>\u5e74\u9f84\u8d8a\u5927\uff0cH \u6307\u6570\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002H \u6307\u6570\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u9ad8\u8fbe 200\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6700\u9ad8 100\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u6709 20 \u5230 30<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"4020f84e-e7ee-4076-9382-ddc1461183df\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#4020f84e-e7ee-4076-9382-ddc1461183df\" id=\"4020f84e-e7ee-4076-9382-ddc1461183df-link\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728 Web of Science \u4e2d\u7684 H \u6307\u6570\u53ea\u6709 10\uff0c\u4f46\u5728 Google Scholar \u4e2d\u5374\u6709 20 \u523030<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07\" id=\"c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07-link\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002\u7814\u8bfb\u548c\u8bc4\u5224\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u8981\u8fdc\u6bd4\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5408\u9002\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u4e3a\u9002\u5b9c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u957f\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>8\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6027\u548c\u865a\u5047\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u79d1\u6280\u6307\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u4f1a\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u6a21\u7cca\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f88\u5f3a\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u666e\u9002\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u5230\u5e95\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u53ef\u9760\u548c\u591a\u5143\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u6307\u6807\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u3002\u5982\u82e5\u6f5c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u5e94\u76f2\u76ee\u8ffd\u6c42\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u671f\u520a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u540e\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u671f\u520a\u4e4b\u95f4\u6253\u6210\u5e73\u624b\u3002\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u548c\u968f\u673a\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5728\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u5927\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u4e2a\u4f2f\u4ef2\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u865a\u5047\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>9\uff1a\u8ba4\u6e05\u79d1\u6280\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/strong>\u79d1\u6280\u6307\u6807\u6539\u53d8\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u8fdb\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u6574\u4e2a\u79d1\u7814\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u5957\u6307\u6807\u603b\u80dc\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u88ab\u64cd\u7eb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d6\u4ee3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6210\u4e3a\u9a71\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6307\u6325\u68d2\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u6839\u636e\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u5206\u914d\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u5728 2000 \u5e74\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5927\u7ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u6765 900 \u6fb3\u5143\uff08\u6298\u5408 450 \u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6599\u7684\u662f\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u636e\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u4f4e\u88ab\u5f15\u7684\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8bba\u6587\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d<sup>[<\/sup><sup data-fn=\"9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7\" id=\"9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7-link\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>10\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u67e5\u6307\u6807\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/strong>\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u4e0d\u505c\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u800c\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u6807\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0d\u505c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5e94\u968f\u4e4b\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e0d\u826f\u540e\u679c\u540e\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u5728 2010 \u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f53\u7cfb\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\u79d1\u7814\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8def<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u5341\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u5c06\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u79d1\u7814\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8c28\u8bb0\u6307\u6807\u53ea\u662f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4f5c\u51fa\u6700\u597d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u8d28\u5316\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u51b3\u7b56\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5145\u5206\u5e76\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aDiana Hicks \u662f\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u7406\u5de5\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3002Paul Wouters \u662f\u8377\u5170\u83b1\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08CWTS\uff09\u7684\u6559\u6388\u517c\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0cLudo Waltman \u662f\u8be5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0cSarah de Rijcke \u662f\u8be5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002Ismael Rafols \u662f\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u56fd\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u74e6\u4f26\u897f\u4e9a\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002<br>\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u738b\u5065\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u9c81\u6c76\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u53d1\u76d1\u6d4b\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08ECOOM\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u3002\uff08Translator: Jian Wang, postdoctoral fellow at the Center for R&amp;D Monitoring (ECOOM) at the University of Leuven.\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-footnotes\"><li id=\"7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea\">Wouters, P. in Beyond Bibliometrics: Harnessing Multidimensional Indicators of Scholarly Impact (eds Cronin, B. &amp; Sugimoto, C.) 47\u201366 (MITPress, 2014). <a href=\"#7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 1\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"02aaf192-ba9a-49df-a634-da79d0e90219\">Shao, J. &amp; Shen, H. Learned Publishing 24, 95\u201397 (2011). <a href=\"#02aaf192-ba9a-49df-a634-da79d0e90219-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 2\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"928465b4-702e-4866-839c-4889e5b898ad\">Seglen, P. O. Br. Med. J. 314, 498\u2013502 (1997). <a href=\"#928465b4-702e-4866-839c-4889e5b898ad-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 3\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"5c25137a-331b-4517-96f8-c827f9f58c2a\">Garfield, E. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 295, 90\u201393 (2006) <a href=\"#5c25137a-331b-4517-96f8-c827f9f58c2a-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 4\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"7b4a26d6-6cf3-4cf8-aab9-11ecc3a7d4d7\">L\u00f3pez Pi\u00f1eiro, C. &amp; Hicks, D. Res. Eval. 24, 78\u201389 (2015). <a href=\"#7b4a26d6-6cf3-4cf8-aab9-11ecc3a7d4d7-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 5\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"8886cc6d-753d-459b-8023-193ea37cc05b\">van Raan, A. F. J., van Leeuwen, T. N., Visser, M. S., van Eck, N. J. &amp; Waltman, L. J. Informetrics 4, 431\u2013435 (2010). <a href=\"#8886cc6d-753d-459b-8023-193ea37cc05b-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 6\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"5d8afa98-0ebb-4bea-89cf-e3cc2e8222f8\">Waltman, L. et al. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 63, 2419\u20132432 (2012). <a href=\"#5d8afa98-0ebb-4bea-89cf-e3cc2e8222f8-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 7\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"4020f84e-e7ee-4076-9382-ddc1461183df\">H irsch, J. E. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102, 16569\u201316572 (2005). <a href=\"#4020f84e-e7ee-4076-9382-ddc1461183df-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 8\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07\">B ar-Ilan, J. Scientometrics 74, 257\u2013271 (2007). <a href=\"#c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 9\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7\">Butler, L. Res. Policy 32, 143\u2013155 (2003). <a href=\"#9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7-link\" aria-label=\"\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u811a\u6ce8\u5f15\u7528 10\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u5341\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u51dd\u7ec3\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u501f\u6b64\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u95ee\u8d23\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c4\u8303\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"[{\"content\":\"Wouters, P. in Beyond Bibliometrics: Harnessing Multidimensional Indicators of Scholarly Impact (eds Cronin, B. &amp; Sugimoto, C.) 47\u201366 (MITPress, 2014).\",\"id\":\"7e81e226-d4a6-4342-940d-6238e722aaea\"},{\"content\":\"Shao, J. &amp; Shen, H. 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Scientometrics 74, 257\u2013271 (2007).\",\"id\":\"c86223a3-dc40-45f5-8b9a-a496b1411c07\"},{\"content\":\"Butler, L. Res. Policy 32, 143\u2013155 (2003).\",\"id\":\"9c8d4efc-87e2-4300-8845-365a64a712d7\"}]"},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4970"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4974,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4970\/revisions\/4974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jiansuoke.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}